Historic Events on July 20

• 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount.
• 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defeats Byzantine Emperor Constantine VI at the Battle of Marcellae.
• 911 – Rollo lays siege to Chartres.
• 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle: King Edward I of England takes the stronghold.
• 1402 – Ottoman–Timurid Wars: Battle of Ankara: Timur, ruler of Timurid Empire, defeats forces of the Ottoman Empire.
• 1738 – Canadian explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye reaches the western shore of Lake Michigan.
• 1807 – Nicéphore Niépce is awarded a patent by Napoleon for the Pyréolophore, the world's first internal combustion engine.
• 1810 – Citizens of Bogotá, New Granada declare independence from Spain.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek: Near Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate forces make an unsuccessful attack.
• 1871 – British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.
• 1885 – The Football Association legalizes professionalism in association football under pressure from the British Football Association.
• 1903 – The Ford Motor Company ships its first car.
• 1922 – The League of Nations awards mandates of Togoland to France and Tanganyika to the United Kingdom.
• 1944 – World War II: Adolf Hitler survives an assassination attempt led by German Army Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg.
• 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11's crew successfully makes the first manned landing on the Moon.